The components of the air intake system work together to ensure the engine receives clean and sufficient air for combustion. The intake tube directs air from outside to the engine, while the air filter removes impurities like dust and dirt to protect the engine. Housed in the air box, the filter is shielded from external elements. The intake manifold distributes filtered air to the engine cylinders for combustion, regulated by the throttle body controlling air intake volume based on driver input.